The presence of BVD antibodies in young heifers is an indicator of active infection with BVD virus in the farm. Measures for effective control of the disease in cattle include removal of PI animals and BVD vaccines, both used in combination with testing. BVD testing is also important to reduce the risk of introducing PI animals (including those in utero) in BVD-free herds. BVD eradication programs are based upon biosecurity, virus elimination, monitoring and vaccination.